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MAXIMIZE YOUR IMAGE SIZE with minimal visible loss You often need a different size image than the original. You can resize images using the Image Size dialog box. You can adjust the width, height, or resolution without affecting image quality or pixel dimensions by deselecting the Resample Image check box in the dialog box. However, to change the overall size of an image, you must check the box, and Photoshop resamples by adding or removing pixels to adjust for the changes. Photoshop s interpolation methods the way that it assigns values to added pixels and smooths transitions between juxtaposing pixels work well to preserve the quality and detail as long as the size changes are not extreme. Third-party plug-ins such as onOne s Genuine Fractals and Alien Skin s BlowUp are better for enlarging greater than 150 to 200 percent. The generally recommended resampling method for reducing image size is Bicubic Sharper, whereas Bicubic Smoother is intended for enlarging. However, many photographers find that depending on the image, the Bicubic Sharper resampling method, along with a resolution of 360 ppi, actually works well both for enlarging and reducing photos. 11 22 44 33 66 1 With the photo that you want to enlarge open, click Image. 2 Click Image Size. l The size of the image as shown onscreen is visible in this box. The Image Size dialog box appears, showing the current size of the opened image. 3 Make sure that the Resample Image check box is selected. 4 Double-click in the Width box to highlight all the numbers.

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99 !! 00 88 @@ 77 99 !! 00 88 @@ 77 The selected files are listed in the dialog box. 7 Click Auto. 8 Make sure that Blend Images Together is selected. 9 Click OK. Photoshop aligns the images based on content and blends them into a single image. Note: The new image is a multilayered file. 0 Click the Crop tool. ! Click and drag across the blended image to make your final panorama. @ Click the Commit button in the Options bar. The panorama is cropped to the selected edges. 65Chapter 3: Straightening, Cropping, and Resizing Did You Know? When you shoot photos that you intend to merge together, use the Portrait mode rather than Landscape and shoot more images. You will have a larger area to crop from for your final image, giving you a taller and more realistic result. More Options! The Perspective option uses one image as a reference and adjusts the perspective of the other images to match and overlap the content of the reference image. The Cylindrical option reduces the bowed shape that can occur in some merged photos. Change It! You can add more files by clicking the Browse button again and navigating to add source files. You can always remove a file from the Source Files list by selecting the file and clicking Remove.

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Create a PANORAMA FROM MULTIPLE PHOTOS You can combine multiple photographs into one continuous image to create a panorama. For example, you can take two or more overlapping photographs of a scenic horizon, or even a number of scans of parts of a large document, and then assemble them in Photoshop with the Photomerge command. You can combine photos that are tiled horizontally as well as vertically. Although you can also choose to position and blend the images manually using Interactive Layout, the Photomerge command in Photoshop CS3 is more powerful than the previous version, automatically aligning and blending each layer using individual layer masks. To make the merge as successful as possible, photos or scans intended for merging should have an overlap of 25 percent to 40 percent. Also maintain the same exposure for each photograph and keep the same scanning settings for each scan. Using a tripod to keep the camera level when taking the photos also improves the final merge. 11 33 55 44 22 66 64 1 In Photoshop, click File. 2 Click Automate. 3 Click Photomerge. The Photomerge dialog box appears. 4 Click Browse. The Open dialog box appears. 5 Navigate to and select the images to merge. 6 Click Open.

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66 99 88 77 99 00 66 99 88 77 99 00 The image appears with a changed perspective plane. l Optionally, you can view the edge against a dark background by clicking here and selecting Background Color. l Optionally, you can view the corrected image without the grid by clicking Show Grid to deselect it. 6 Click OK to commit the changes. The adjusted image reopens in Photoshop. Note: You can edit the adjustment by double-clicking the Lens Correction smart filter in the Layers palette before cropping the final image. 7 Click the Crop tool. 8 Click and drag in the image. 9 Click the anchors of the crop area to adjust your image. 0 Click the Commit button in the Options bar. The image is cropped, and the buildings appear straight. 63Chapter 3: Straightening, Cropping, and Resizing Try This! You can reset the adjustments in the Lens Correction dialog box by pressing Option (Alt). The Cancel button changes to Reset. Click Reset to remove the changes and start over. You can change Cancel buttons in most dialog boxes to Reset by pressing Option (Alt). More Options! You can save the Lens Correction settings and reapply them to other images. Set the options in the dialog box. Click the Manage Settings drop-down arrow and choose Save Settings. The saved settings appear in the Settings drop-down menu. Did You Know? In addition to barrel and pincushion distortion, the Lens Correction filter can fix both chromatic aberration, a colored fringe along the edges of objects, and vignetting, the appearance of darker corners or edges in the image.

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STRAIGHTEN BUILDINGS with the Lens Correction filter Depending on the focal length of a camera lens or the f-stop used, a photograph may show common lens flaws such as barrel and pincushion distortion. Barrel distortion causes straight lines to bow out toward the edges of the image. Pincushion distortion is the opposite effect, where straight lines bend inward. If the camera tilts up or down or at any angle, the perspective also appears distorted. The Lens Correction filter in Photoshop CS3 can help you fix these and other lens defects easily. When you photograph tall buildings, the tops of the buildings may appear to be larger at the top than the bottom. The Lens Correction filter enables you to easily line up the perspective of the buildings with a vertical plane. You can use the filter s image grid to make your adjustments more accurately, or you can turn the grid off if you choose. The filter even has an option to let you select how to correct the missing areas along the edges that occurred when the perspective was repaired. 22 44 55 33 11 62 1 Open an image showing a tall distorted building as a smart object or open a file and convert it to a smart object layer. Note: See Task #19 for information about smart objects. 2 Click Filter. 3 Click Distort. 4 Click Lens Correction. The Lens Correction dialog box appears with a large preview of the image and a grid overlay. 5 Drag the Vertical Perspective slider to align the tallest building with the grid.

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77 77 77 88 77 77 77 77 88 77 7 Click and drag out each of the center anchor points to fit the edges of the entire image. 8 Click the Commit button in the Options bar to commit the crop. Photoshop realigns the image and changes the perspective. 61Chapter 3: Straightening, Cropping, and Resizing Caution! Photoshop s Crop tool will not work to correct keystoning on all images. The Crop tool may not fix the perspective distortion if it is applied to an image that has already been cropped for size. Keyboard Shortcuts! Press C to access the Crop tool. Press Return (Enter) to commit the perspective crop or Esc to cancel it. Or press Control+click (right-click) in the image and select Crop or Cancel from the menu. Attention! If Photoshop shows an error, you may not have placed the corner handles correctly. Click the Cancel button in the Options bar and adjust the cropping marquee before clicking the Commit button and committing the crop.

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CHANGE YOUR PERSPECTIVE with the Crop tool When you photograph an object from an angle rather than from a straight-on view, the object appears out of perspective, displaying keystone distortion. The top edges of a tall building photographed from ground level appear closer to each other at the top than they do at the bottom. If you photograph a window and cannot get directly in front of it to take the shot, the window appears more like a trapezoid. Depending on the photograph, you can correct this type of distortion with a number of Photoshop s tools. The Crop tool in Photoshop CS3 has a special option that enables you to transform the perspective in an image and quickly adjust the keystone distortion. Your image must have an object that was rectangular in the original scene for the Crop tool s perspective function to work properly. You first adjust the cropping marquee to match the rectangular object s edges and then extend the marquee to fit your image. When you click the Commit button, Photoshop crops the image as large as possible while maintaining the angles of the rectangular object. 22 11 33 66 5544 66 66 66 60 1 In a photo containing a distorted rectangular object, click the Crop tool. 2 Click Clear in the Options bar to remove any previous settings. 3 Click and drag a cropping marquee in the image. The selected area is light, and the area that you want to crop away is dimmed. 4 Click here to deselect Shield to remove the dimming effect. 5 Click here to select Perspective. 6 Click each corner anchor of the cropping marquee and align it with a corner on a normally rectangular object. Note: To zoom in with the crop marquee showing, press +spacebar (Ctrl+spacebar) and click in the image. Press Option+spacebar (Alt+spacebar) and click in the image to zoom out.

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0 Repeat steps 8 and 9 so that there is only one layer above the Background layer. ! Click File. @ Click Automate. !! ## %% @@ 00 ^^ ^^ ^^ # Click Crop and Straighten Photos. Photoshop separates the segments and creates three new files with the name of the original plus copy, copy 2, and copy 3. $ Click the Close button of the original file. % Click the Maximize button on each of the three new files to enlarge them. ^ Click and drag each file to align the three new separate files to view the triptych. 59Chapter 3: Straightening, Cropping, and Resizing Caution! Be sure to create a new layer for each frame that you draw. You can then resize and rotate the shapes by clicking Edit . Free Transform and transforming the frame shape with the transformation anchors. Before you apply the Crop and Straighten Photos command, merge all the custom shape layers into one layer above the original image. More Options! Each image has a shape layer above the photo layer. You can drag the shape layer to the Trash to remove it, or you can use the shape to add a framed look. Press (Ctrl) + click the shape layer to select it. Click Edit . Fill and select a new color for the frames. Then click Layer . Layer Style and apply a bevel and drop shadow to the shape layer.

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CROP MULTIPLE IMAGES from one original to create a triptych Although tools such as the Crop and Straighten Photos command are meant as productivity aids to crop and straighten multiple images at one time, you can use the same tool in various creative ways. You can create multiple images from one file by using the command to divide one photograph into multiple sections. You can make individual photographs from each section of the original or apply a diptych or triptych look to an image, making two or three panels for the image, which you can print and frame separately. Select a plain, rectangular frame shape as a custom shape to designate the areas that you want to crop into new images. Photoshop turns those separate shapes into separate images that you can save as new files. The trick to this technique is to leave a small margin around each of the shape selections and to create a separate layer for each shape when you use the Custom Shape tool. You can use the shape as part of your final print, or you can delete it because it is on a separate layer. 11 55 88 11 33 22 66 77 77 44 99 58 1 In a large file, click and hold the Rectangle tool and select the Custom Shape tool. 2 Click the Fill Pixels icon in the Options bar. 3 Click here. 4 Select the square thin frame shape. 5 Click the New Layer icon in the Layers palette. l A new blank layer is placed above the background. 6 Click and drag a frame shape in the image. 7 Repeat steps 5 and 6 twice to have two more layers and two more frame shapes. Note: Keep at least a 1/8 inch space between each shape. 8 Click here. 9 Click Merge Down.

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55 66 88 77 55 66 88 77 l Each image is opened in its own window. 5 Click Window. 6 Click Arrange. 7 Click Tile Horizontally (or Tile Vertically). Photoshop arranges the original scan and all the separate images on the screen. 8 Click the Zoom (Maximize) button to view each image at full size. 57Chapter 3: Straightening, Cropping, and Resizing Important! Photoshop does not replace the original scan with the separated photos, and it does not automatically save the separate images. Instead, Photoshop renames each separated file using the same name as the original scan and labeling it copy, copy 2, and so on. You can click File . Save As and rename each file before you save it. More Options! You may scan multiple images at once and decide that you want to keep only one of them. Make a selection border around that one image, including some background. Press and hold Option (Alt) as you select File . Automate . Crop and Straighten Photos. Photoshop crops and straightens that one photo and puts it in a separate file.

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